Getting Started with Selenium WebDriver

 What is Selenium WebDriver?

Selenium WebDriver is a tool for automating web application testing. It controls a browser by simulating user actions like clicking, typing, and navigating.


Prerequisites

Basic programming knowledge (e.g., Java, Python, C#, JavaScript)


Browser installed (Chrome, Firefox, Edge, etc.)


Language-specific WebDriver bindings


Browser-specific WebDriver executable (e.g., chromedriver for Chrome)


Step-by-Step Guide

1. Install Selenium

Python

bash

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pip install selenium

Java (using Maven)

Add this dependency in pom.xml:


xml

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<dependency>

    <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>

    <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>

    <version>4.10.0</version>  <!-- Use latest version -->

</dependency>

2. Download WebDriver for your browser

ChromeDriver


GeckoDriver (Firefox)


EdgeDriver


Make sure the driver version matches your browser version.


3. Sample Code to Open a Webpage

Python example with Chrome:

python

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from selenium import webdriver

from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By


# Path to your chromedriver executable

service = Service('path/to/chromedriver')

driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)


driver.get('https://www.google.com')


# Example: Find the search box, enter text, and submit

search_box = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'q')

search_box.send_keys('Selenium WebDriver')

search_box.submit()


# Close browser

driver.quit()

4. Basic Selenium Commands

driver.get(url) — Navigate to a URL


driver.find_element(By.ID, 'id') — Find element by ID


driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'name') — Find element by Name


driver.find_element(By.XPATH, 'xpath') — Find element by XPath


element.click() — Click an element


element.send_keys('text') — Type text into an element


driver.quit() — Close the browser session


5. Tips & Best Practices

Use explicit waits to handle dynamic page content (WebDriverWait)


Keep your WebDriver executable updated


Use Page Object Model for scalable test automation


Handle exceptions like NoSuchElementException gracefully

Learn Testing Tools Training in Hyderabad

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Cypress vs. Selenium: Which One Should You Use?

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