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Handling Alerts, Pop-ups, and iFrames in Selenium with Python

🔔 1. Handling Alerts

JavaScript alerts are simple pop-ups that require user interaction. Selenium provides switch_to.alert for this.

Example:

python

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from selenium import webdriver

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

import time

driver = webdriver.Chrome()

driver.get("https://example.com/alert")

# Trigger the alert (e.g., clicking a button that opens it)

driver.find_element(By.ID, "alertButton").click()

# Switch to alert

alert = driver.switch_to.alert

# Accept the alert

alert.accept()

# Or to dismiss:

# alert.dismiss()

# Or to get the alert text:

# print(alert.text)

# Or to send text (for prompt alerts):

# alert.send_keys("Your input")

driver.quit()

💬 2. Handling Pop-ups (Browser Windows/Tabs)

Sometimes pop-ups are separate windows or tabs. You can manage them by switching between window handles.

Example:

python

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driver = webdriver.Chrome()

driver.get("https://example.com/popup")

# Store the main window handle

main_window = driver.current_window_handle

# Trigger the pop-up

driver.find_element(By.ID, "popupButton").click()

# Wait for new window

time.sleep(2)

# Get all window handles

all_windows = driver.window_handles

# Switch to the new window

for window in all_windows:

    if window != main_window:

        driver.switch_to.window(window)

        break

# Do something in the pop-up window

print(driver.title)

# Close the pop-up and return to the main window

driver.close()

driver.switch_to.window(main_window)

🖼️ 3. Handling iFrames

If the element you want to interact with is inside an <iframe>, you need to switch to it first.

Example:

python

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driver = webdriver.Chrome()

driver.get("https://example.com/iframe")

# Switch to the iframe using its name, ID, index, or WebElement

driver.switch_to.frame("iframe_id")

# Interact with elements inside the iframe

driver.find_element(By.ID, "insideFrameButton").click()

# Return to the main content

driver.switch_to.default_content()

✅ Tips

Always wait for elements to appear using WebDriverWait for better stability.

Use try-except to handle unexpected alerts or missing elements.

Close pop-up windows properly to avoid resource leaks.

Would you like a downloadable script or test case examples for practice?

Learn Selenium Python Training in Hyderabad

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