🧾 Handling Input Forms in Selenium (Java)
Web forms allow users to enter data such as text, passwords, selections, and submit actions.
Using Selenium WebDriver, you can automate filling out and submitting these forms easily.
🧩 1. Basic Steps to Handle Forms
Locate form elements (e.g., text boxes, buttons, dropdowns).
Enter data using Selenium methods like sendKeys().
Click buttons or submit the form using click() or submit().
Verify results (optional).
⚙️ 2. Commonly Used Methods
Method Description
findElement(By by) Finds an element on the page.
sendKeys(String text) Enters text into an input field.
click() Clicks a button, checkbox, or link.
clear() Clears existing text from an input box.
submit() Submits a form.
🧠 3. Example – Filling Out a Simple Login Form
Imagine a login form like this:
<form id="loginForm">
<input type="text" id="username" name="username" />
<input type="password" id="password" name="password" />
<button type="submit" id="loginButton">Login</button>
</form>
Here’s how to automate it using Selenium:
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
public class FormExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "path/to/chromedriver");
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
// Open a website with a form
driver.get("https://example.com/login");
// Locate input fields and buttons
WebElement usernameField = driver.findElement(By.id("username"));
WebElement passwordField = driver.findElement(By.id("password"));
WebElement loginButton = driver.findElement(By.id("loginButton"));
// Interact with elements
usernameField.clear();
usernameField.sendKeys("myUsername");
passwordField.clear();
passwordField.sendKeys("myPassword");
// Click login button
loginButton.click();
// Print page title after login
System.out.println("Page Title: " + driver.getTitle());
driver.quit();
}
}
💬 4. Locating Elements
You can locate form elements using various locators:
Locator Type Example Description
By.id() By.id("username") Locates element by its ID attribute.
By.name() By.name("email") Locates element by its name attribute.
By.className() By.className("input-field") Locates by CSS class name.
By.xpath() By.xpath("//input[@type='text']") Locates by XPath expression.
By.cssSelector() By.cssSelector("input#username") Locates using CSS selector.
🧮 5. Handling Other Form Elements
✅ Checkboxes:
WebElement checkbox = driver.findElement(By.id("rememberMe"));
if (!checkbox.isSelected()) {
checkbox.click();
}
🔘 Radio Buttons:
WebElement genderMale = driver.findElement(By.id("male"));
genderMale.click();
📋 Dropdowns:
Use Selenium’s Select class.
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;
Select country = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id("country")));
country.selectByVisibleText("India");
📤 Submit Forms:
WebElement form = driver.findElement(By.id("loginForm"));
form.submit(); // Alternative to clicking a submit button
🧩 6. Validation After Submission
You can check if form submission was successful by:
Checking the page title
Checking confirmation messages
Verifying URL change
Example:
String successMessage = driver.findElement(By.id("successMsg")).getText();
System.out.println("Message: " + successMessage);
🛠️ 7. Best Practices
✅ Use explicit waits (WebDriverWait) for dynamic elements.
✅ Always clear input fields before entering data.
✅ Handle alerts or pop-ups if they appear after submission.
✅ Use Page Object Model (POM) for cleaner, reusable code.
🏁 Summary
Task Selenium Method
Enter text sendKeys()
Clear text clear()
Click button click()
Select dropdown Select class
Submit form submit()
Verify output getText() / getTitle()
Learn Selenium with JAVA Training in Hyderabad
Read More
Working with ChromeDriver, GeckoDriver, and EdgeDriver
Introduction to WebDriver Interface in Java
Difference Between Selenium RC, IDE, and WebDriver
How to Install and Configure Eclipse for Selenium Testing
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