Test Execution & Management in Selenium (Java)

Selenium with Java is widely used for automated web application testing. Effective test execution and management ensure reliable test runs, easier maintenance, and faster feedback during development.

1. Test Execution in Selenium Java

Test execution refers to running automated test cases against an application and analyzing the results.

Common Ways to Execute Selenium Tests

1.1 Using TestNG

TestNG is the most popular test framework with Selenium Java.

Key Features:

Annotations (@Test, @BeforeSuite, @AfterMethod)

Test grouping

Parallel execution

Test prioritization

Example:

@Test(priority = 1)

public void loginTest() {

System.out.println("Login Test Executed");

}

Run tests using:

TestNG XML file

IDE (Eclipse / IntelliJ)

Maven command line

1.2 Using JUnit

JUnit is another popular testing framework.

Features:

Simple test execution

Assertions for validation

Suitable for unit and integration tests

2. Test Suite Management

Using TestNG XML

TestNG XML helps manage which tests to run.

</classes>

</test>

</suite>

Benefits:

Organize tests logically

Run smoke, sanity, or regression suites

Control test order and parallelism

3. Parallel Test Execution

Parallel execution reduces test execution time.

Enable Parallel Execution in TestNG

Parallel Options:

Methods

Classes

Tests

4. Test Management Techniques

4.1 Page Object Model (POM)

POM separates test logic from UI elements.

Advantages:

Better maintainability

Reusable code

Clean test scripts

4.2 Data-Driven Testing

Run the same test with multiple datasets.

Tools Used:

TestNG @DataProvider

Excel, CSV, or JSON files

4.3 Keyword-Driven Framework

Uses keywords like click, enterText, verify.

Benefit:

Test cases can be written without deep programming knowledge.

5. Reporting and Logging

Test Reports

TestNG default reports

Extent Reports (popular choice)

Allure Reports

Logging

Log4j

SLF4J

Purpose:

Debug test failures

Track execution flow

6. Test Execution Using Maven

Common Maven Commands

mvn test

mvn clean test

Benefits:

Easy execution from command line

CI/CD integration

7. Handling Test Failures

Retry Failed Tests

Use TestNG retry analyzer.

Screenshots on Failure

Capture screenshots automatically for debugging.

TakesScreenshot ts = (TakesScreenshot) driver;

File source = ts.getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);

8. Test Environment Management

Use configuration files (.properties)

Separate environments (QA, UAT, PROD)

Use environment variables

9. CI/CD Integration

Integrate Selenium tests with:

Jenkins

GitHub Actions

Azure DevOps

Benefits:

Automated test execution

Faster feedback

Continuous testing

10. Best Practices

✔ Write independent test cases

✔ Use waits instead of Thread.sleep()

✔ Maintain clean folder structure

✔ Regularly review and update tests

✔ Use version control (Git)

Conclusion

Effective test execution and management in Selenium Java require proper frameworks, structured test suites, reporting, and CI/CD integration. With best practices and tools like TestNG, Maven, and reporting frameworks, teams can achieve reliable and scalable test automation.

Learn Selenium with JAVA Training in Hyderabad

Integrating Allure Reports with Selenium

How to Create TestNG Reports

Maven Project Setup for Selenium Testing

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December 22, 2025